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Crystal Data, Determinative Tables, ACA Monograph No. 5, American Crystallographic Association, 1963 Cryptocrystalline quartz varieties offer a huge diversity of patterns and colors. The most generally widespread of these materials is composed of tiny fibers of silica and is known as chalcedony. Names within the cryptocrystalline quartz family are generally based on colors and patterns. The solid-colored materials are mostly chalcedony stained by oxides and are referred to as jaspers. Banded varieties, or materials with moss-like inclusions, are known as agate. Arem, Joel E.; Clark, Donald; Smigel, Barbara. "Amethyst Value, Price, and Jewelry Information". International Gem Society . Retrieved April 20, 2021. Anderson, Robert S.; Anderson, Suzanne P. (2010). Geomorphology: The Mechanics and Chemistry of Landscapes. Cambridge University Press. p.187. ISBN 978-1-139-78870-0. Robert Webster, Michael O'Donoghue (January 2006). Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification. Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 9780750658560.
Souza, Tamires P.; Watte, Guilherme; Gusso, Alaíde M.; Souza, Rafaela; Moreira, José da S.; Knorst, Marli M. (June 2017). "Silicosis prevalence and risk factors in semi-precious stone mining in Brazil". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 60 (6): 529–536. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22719. PMID 28514023. S2CID 24375063. Citrine is a variety of quartz whose color ranges from pale yellow to brown due to a submicroscopic distribution of colloidal ferric hydroxide impurities. [56] Natural citrines are rare; most commercial citrines are heat-treated amethysts or smoky quartzes. However, a heat-treated amethyst will have small lines in the crystal, as opposed to a natural citrine's cloudy or smoky appearance. It is nearly impossible to differentiate between cut citrine and yellow topaz visually, but they differ in hardness. Brazil is the leading producer of citrine, with much of its production coming from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The name is derived from the Latin word citrina which means "yellow" and is also the origin of the word " citron". Sometimes citrine and amethyst can be found together in the same crystal, which is then referred to as ametrine. [57] Citrine has been referred to as the "merchant's stone" or "money stone", due to a superstition that it would bring prosperity. [58] Relatively new on the market is ametrine, with zones of both purple and yellow. The colors only reach a medium level of saturation and are never very dark. Cutting the material so both color show is sometimes a challenge for the lapidary. However, a well cut, bi-colored gem is a real delight. Ametrine is only found in Bolivia. Smokey QuartzIron oxide (Fe2O3) forming in the trigonal crystal system, with a red to greyish metallic appearance. Hematite’s form can be quite variable from platy inclusions to, ‘rose’-like crystals to the ‘coiled’-like crystals photographed below. The more unusual forms are popular with collectors. McMillen, Allen. "Quartz Mining". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Central Arkansas Library System . Retrieved 28 November 2020.
Sometimes, the best course of action to avoid mind-numbing stress is to take things slow and give yourself time to relish in self-care. The meaning of Blue Quartz serves as an active reminder of your own sanity and well-being. It pushes you to pay a little more attention to your needs, ensuring that you find ways to make peace in the midst of utter chaos. Spiritual In the 17th century, Nicolas Steno's study of quartz paved the way for modern crystallography. He discovered that regardless of a quartz crystal's size or shape, its long prism faces always joined at a perfect 60° angle. [17] The choice is yours. Blue Quartz is versatile enough to serve you well no matter how you choose to welcome it into your life. Zodiac Connection Collectors look for depth of color, possibly with red flashes if cut conventionally. [39] As amethyst is readily available in large structures, the value of the gem is not primarily defined by carat weight. This is different from most gemstones, since the carat weight typically exponentially increases the value of the stone. The biggest factor in the value of amethyst is the color displayed. [40] Crystalline quartz is separated here from cryptocrystalline or microcrystalline quartz. The crystalline varieties are those that occur in distinct, visible crystals: amethyst, smoky quartz, citrine, rose quartz, and milky quartz. The color origins in crystalline quartz are complex and are only now beginning to be fully understood.Amethyst ranges from a light, pinkish violet to an opaque purple. The lightest shades are called "Rose de France." While currently out of vogue, they have traditionally been very fashionable. Today, the variety most in demand is "Siberian." That does not refer to its origin, but to dark purple coloring, with flashes of red or blue. Citrine Pierce, G. W. (1923). "Piezoelectric crystal resonators and crystal oscillators applied to the precision calibration of wavemeters". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 59 (4): 81–106. doi: 10.2307/20026061. hdl: 2027/inu.30000089308260. JSTOR 20026061.
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